California Congressional House of Representatives Election Results 2000
California Redistricting 2000
| | California'due south Political Lineup
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| Bay Area | Los Angeles |
| Redistricting Borderline There are no constitutional deadlines for either congressional or legislative redistricting, merely if a deadlock occurs, the impasse goes to the land supreme courtroom. | Who's in Accuse of Redistricting? The legislature. Each firm in the California legislature separately draws its own districts. The Elections and Reapportionment Committee draws the state senate plan. The Committee on Election, Reapportionment and Constitutional Amendments Committee draws the assembly plan. The congressional plan is a result of collaboration between both houses. The governor has veto power over both legislative and congressional plans. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Districting Principles
| Public Access The redistricting process is very open in California. The legislature makes a sophisticated database containing ten years of election data overlayed on elevation of census data. This databaseis maintained by the University of California at Berkeley and is available on the Cyberspace well before public hearings begin. In addition, the database is distributed to major state libraries for public utilize. The legislature does not supply the districting software, just it is readily bachelor for purchase. The State Senate webpage has a section on redistricting which includes information about: scheduled hearings, submitting plans, and information about the committee. California Congressional Delegation Proposed Districts Maps now online. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Political Landscape In 1982, California provided a preview of modern political gerrymandering, as the late Congressman Phil Burton crafted very Democratic-leaning plans for the land legislature and for Congressional seats. Democrats continued to win comfortable majorities of seats in the 1980s despite Republicans at times outpolling them in the popular vote. Fearing another Democratic gerrymander in 1990, Republicans persuaded U.S. Senator Pete Wilson to run for governor in 1990. Wilson stymied Democrats in the legislature, and ultimately crafted a relatively fifty-fifty-handed programme that was approved by the state supreme court. In 2001, California'due south Democrats control both chambers of the state legislature and the Governor's seat. Democrats will likely try to boost their partisan reward by targeting sure Republican incumbents, creating safer seats for incumbent Democrats and ensuring the state's one additional House seat goes to Democrats. There too may exist a push for more than Latino-majority districts, potentially causing some friction with African American incumbents. | Legal Issues In 1990, a successful vote dilution claim was brought in U.S. district courtroom against the Board of Supervisors of the county of Los Angeles. Districts split Hispanic voters in the county amidst several voting districts. The Court of Appeals for the Ninth Excursion upheld the trial court's ruling that this violated the Voting Rights Human action and Equal Protection Clause of the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution. In the 1990s, however, most local voting rights challenges in California accept failed. In a serial of cases, congressional, land and local redistricting plans were fatigued by a special chief appointed past the California State Supreme Courtroom. The plans were precleared by the Department of Justice and adopted by the courtroom in 1992. In 1994, the Mexican-American Legal Defense Fund unsucessfully challenged the courtroom adopted plan on Equal Protection and fifteenth amendment grounds. A later lawsuit confronting "racial gerrymandering" in congressional districts also failed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Legislation/Reform Efforts Given the land's contentious history of battles over redistricting, both good authorities groups and the Republican Party have backed several redistricting reform initiatives in the last two decades. In 1999, Republican activist Ron Unz planned a reform package seeking both campaign finance reform and a redistricting committee, only removed the redistricting proposal subsequently leading Republicans backed an alternative initiative. That proposal would have put the state Supreme Court in control of redistricting, but after backers collected enough signatures to place information technology on the March 2000 ballot, information technology was removed by the state Supreme Court as violating the state constitution'due south single-subject area law (it also would accept raised lobbyist fees). Other initiative efforts to reform redistricting were besides pursued, only did non collect enough signatures to win a place on the ballot. |
Contact Information
Sandi Polka
Office of the President ProTem of the Senate
State Capitol, Room 412
Sacramento, CA 95814
916-327-9178
Darren Chesin Senate Elections and Reapportionment Committee State Capitol, Room 5046 Sacramento, CA 95814 916-445-2601
Source: http://archive.fairvote.org/?page=294
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